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Linux下误删文件应急恢复

Linux下误删文件应急恢复
 
  维护中难免遇到状态不好的时候或者新人操作不当,一个rm –f *删除了大量的文件,导致生产重大故障,这个时候我们需要考虑文件恢复,为了能够应对这种情况,在这里讨论一个网上常用的恢复工具:extundelete,该工具支持ext3或者ext4.
1    安装
首先安装好准备包:
[root@redhat1 home]# yum install e2fs*                    --安装extundelete软件的依赖包
[root@redhat1 home]# rpm -aq |grep e2fs                --检查软件包是否安装
e2fsprogs-devel-1.41.12-14.el6.i686
e2fsprogs-libs-1.41.12-14.el6.i686
e2fsprogs-1.41.12-14.el6.i686
 
确认gcc编译工具齐全
gcc+
 
开始安装
Linux下误删文件应急恢复
tar xvf  extundelete-0.2.4.tar.bz2
. /configure
make
make install
 
2    使用方法
root@localhost bin]# ./extundelete
No action specified; implying --superblock.
./extundelete: Missing device name.
Usage: ./extundelete [options] [--] device-file
Options:
  --version, -[vV]       Print version and exit successfully.
  --help,                Print this help and exit successfully.
  --superblock           Print contents of superblock in addition to the rest.
                         If no action is specified then this option is implied.
  --journal              Show content of journal.
  --after dtime          Only process entries deleted on or after 'dtime'.根据时间点恢复之后的文件。
  --before dtime         Only process entries deleted before 'dtime'.根据时间点恢复之前的。
Actions:
  --inode ino            Show info on inode 'ino'.
  --block blk            Show info on block 'blk'.
  --restore-inode ino[,ino,...]
                         Restore the file(s) with known inode number 'ino'.
                         The restored files are created in ./RECOVERED_FILES
                         with their inode number as extension (ie, file.12345).
  --restore-file 'path'  Will restore file 'path'. 'path' is relative to root
                         of the partition and does not start with a '/'
                         The restored file is created in the current
                         directory as 'RECOVERED_FILES/path'.
  --restore-files 'path' Will restore files which are listed in the file 'path'.
                         Each filename should be in the same format as an option
                         to --restore-file, and there should be one per line.
  --restore-directory 'path'
                         Will restore directory 'path'. 'path' is relative to the
                         root directory of the file system.  The restored
                         directory is created in the output directory as 'path'.
  --restore-all          Attempts to restore everything.
  -j journal             Reads an external journal from the named file.
  -b blocknumber         Uses the backup superblock at blocknumber when opening
                         the file system.
  -B blocksize           Uses blocksize as the block size when opening the file
                         system.  The number should be the number of bytes.
  --log 0                Make the program silent.
  --log filename         Logs all messages to filename.
--log D1=0,D2=filename   Custom control of log messages with comma-separated
   Examples below:       list of options.  Dn must be one of info, warn, or
   --log info,error      error.  Omission of the '=name' results in messages
   --log warn=0          with the specified level to be logged to the console.
   --log error=filename  If the parameter is '=0', logging for the specified
                         level will be turned off.  If the parameter is
                         '=filename', messages with that level will be written
                         to filename.
   -o directory          Save the recovered files to the named directory.
                         The restored files are created in a directory
                         named 'RECOVERED_FILES/' by default.
./extundelete: Error parsing command-line options.
 
3    实验恢复
创建目录
/boot/test
 
创建测试文件
[root@localhost test]# ls -rlt
total 12
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 21 Oct  9 17:11 1111111111111112.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 13 Oct  9 17:11 1111111111111111.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 24 Oct  9 17:11 1111111111111113.txt
 
删除文件
rm –rf *
 
4    恢复
cd /usr/local/bin/
 
查看可恢复的文件和目录。
./extundelete /dev/sda1 --ls --inode 2
 
直接恢复文件到当前目录。
./extundelete  /dev/sda1 --restore-all
查看当前目录:RECOVERED_FILES 就可以看到删除的文件。
 
直接恢复指定的文件
./extundelete /dev/sda1  --restore-file vmlinuz-2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64
 
直接恢复制定的文件夹
./extundelete /dev/sda1  --restore-directory test
 
网上可参考学习
https://my.oschina.net/fufangchun/blog/176550
 

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