（1）查看集群状态，发现2个osd 状态为down
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[root@node140 /]# ceph -s
cluster:
id: 58a12719-a5ed-4f95-b312-6efd6e34e558
health: HEALTH_ERR
noout flag(s) set
2 osds down
1 scrub errors
Possible data damage: 1 pg inconsistent
Degraded data redundancy: 1633/10191 objects degraded (16.024%), 84 pgs degraded, 122 pgs undersized
services:
mon: 2 daemons, quorum node140,node142 (age 3d)
mgr: admin(active, since 3d), standbys: node140
osd: 18 osds: 16 up (since 3d), 18 in (since 5d)
flags noout
data:
pools: 2 pools, 384 pgs
objects: 3.40k objects, 9.8 GiB
usage: 43 GiB used, 8.7 TiB / 8.7 TiB avail
pgs: 1633/10191 objects degraded (16.024%)
261 active+clean
84 active+undersized+degraded
38 active+undersized
1 active+clean+inconsistent
（2）查看osd状态
[root@node140 /]# ceph osd tree
ID CLASS WEIGHT TYPE NAME STATUS REWEIGHT PRI-AFF
-1 9.80804 root default
-2 3.26935 host node140
0 hdd 0.54489 osd.0 up 1.00000 1.00000
1 hdd 0.54489 osd.1 up 1.00000 1.00000
2 hdd 0.54489 osd.2 up 1.00000 1.00000
3 hdd 0.54489 osd.3 up 1.00000 1.00000
4 hdd 0.54489 osd.4 up 1.00000 1.00000
5 hdd 0.54489 osd.5 up 1.00000 1.00000
-3 3.26935 host node141
12 hdd 0.54489 osd.12 up 1.00000 1.00000
13 hdd 0.54489 osd.13 up 1.00000 1.00000
14 hdd 0.54489 osd.14 up 1.00000 1.00000
15 hdd 0.54489 osd.15 up 1.00000 1.00000
16 hdd 0.54489 osd.16 up 1.00000 1.00000
17 hdd 0.54489 osd.17 up 1.00000 1.00000
-4 3.26935 host node142
6 hdd 0.54489 osd.6 up 1.00000 1.00000
7 hdd 0.54489 osd.7 down 1.00000 1.00000
8 hdd 0.54489 osd.8 down 1.00000 1.00000
9 hdd 0.54489 osd.9 up 1.00000 1.00000
10 hdd 0.54489 osd.10 up 1.00000 1.00000
11 hdd 0.54489 osd.11 up 1.00000 1.00000
（3）osd 7 osd 8状态查看，已经failed了，重启也无法启动
[root@node140 /]# systemctl status ceph-osd@8.service
● ceph-osd@8.service - Ceph object storage daemon osd.8
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/ceph-osd@.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: failed (Result: start-limit) since Fri 2019-08-30 17:36:50 CST; 1min 20s ago
Process: 433642 ExecStartPre=/usr/lib/ceph/ceph-osd-prestart.sh --cluster ${CLUSTER} --id %i (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
Aug 30 17:36:50 node140 systemd[1]: Failed to start Ceph object storage daemon osd.8.
Aug 30 17:36:50 node140 systemd[1]: Unit ceph-osd@8.service entered failed state.
Aug 30 17:36:50 node140 systemd[1]: ceph-osd@8.service failed.
Aug 30 17:36:50 node140 systemd[1]: ceph-osd@8.service holdoff time over, scheduling restart.
Aug 30 17:36:50 node140 systemd[1]: Stopped Ceph object storage daemon osd.8.
Aug 30 17:36:50 node140 systemd[1]: start request repeated too quickly for ceph-osd@8.service
Aug 30 17:36:50 node140 systemd[1]: Failed to start Ceph object storage daemon osd.8.
Aug 30 17:36:50 node140 systemd[1]: Unit ceph-osd@8.service entered failed state.
Aug 30 17:36:50 node140 systemd[1]: ceph-osd@8.service failed.
（4）osd硬盘故障，状态变化
osd硬盘故障，状态变为down。在经过mod osd down out interval 设定的时间间隔后，ceph将其标记为out，并开始进行数据迁移恢复。 为了降低影响可以先关闭，待硬盘更换完成后再开启
[root@node140 /]# cat /etc/ceph/ceph.conf
[global]
mon osd down out interval = 900
（5）停止数据均衡
[root@node140 /]# for i in noout nobackfill norecover noscrub nodeep-scrub;do ceph osd set $i;done
（6）定位i故障盘
[root@node140 /]# ceph osd tree | grep -i down
7 hdd 0.54489 osd.7 down 0 1.00000
8 hdd 0.54489 osd.8 down 0 1.00000
（7）卸载故障的节点
[root@node142 ~]# umount /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-7
[root@node142 ~]# umount /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-8
（8）从crush map 中移除osd
[root@node142 ~]# ceph osd crush remove osd.7
removed item id 7 name 'osd.7' from crush map
[root@node142 ~]# ceph osd crush remove osd.8
removed item id 8 name 'osd.8' from crush map
（9）删除故障osd的密钥
[root@node142 ~]# ceph auth del osd.7
updated
[root@node142 ~]# ceph auth del osd.8
updated
（10）删除故障osd
[root@node142 ~]# ceph osd rm 7
removed osd.7
[root@node142 ~]# ceph osd rm 8
removed osd.8
[root@node142 ~]# ceph osd tree
ID CLASS WEIGHT TYPE NAME STATUS REWEIGHT PRI-AFF
-1 8.71826 root default
-2 3.26935 host node140
0 hdd 0.54489 osd.0 up 1.00000 1.00000
1 hdd 0.54489 osd.1 up 1.00000 1.00000
2 hdd 0.54489 osd.2 up 1.00000 1.00000
3 hdd 0.54489 osd.3 up 1.00000 1.00000
4 hdd 0.54489 osd.4 up 1.00000 1.00000
5 hdd 0.54489 osd.5 up 1.00000 1.00000
-3 3.26935 host node141
12 hdd 0.54489 osd.12 up 1.00000 1.00000
13 hdd 0.54489 osd.13 up 1.00000 1.00000
14 hdd 0.54489 osd.14 up 1.00000 1.00000
15 hdd 0.54489 osd.15 up 1.00000 1.00000
16 hdd 0.54489 osd.16 up 1.00000 1.00000
17 hdd 0.54489 osd.17 up 1.00000 1.00000
-4 2.17957 host node142
6 hdd 0.54489 osd.6 up 1.00000 1.00000
9 hdd 0.54489 osd.9 up 1.00000 1.00000
10 hdd 0.54489 osd.10 up 1.00000 1.00000
11 hdd 0.54489 osd.11 up 1.00000 1.00000
[root@node142 ~]#
（11）更换故障硬盘查看盘符，然后重建
[root@node142 ~]# ceph-volume lvm create --data /dev/sdd
[root@node142 ~]# ceph-volume lvm create --data /dev/sdc
（12）
[root@node142 ~]# ceph-volume lvm list
（13）待新osd添加crush map后，重新开启集群禁用标志
for i in noout nobackfill norecover noscrub nodeep-scrub;do ceph osd unset $i;done
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